We have previously reported on the high modulation bandwidth of 25 ghz mea. The orbital modulator is a supercompact, durable, and highly flexible multieffects pedal with a dynamic collection of precisionengineered phaser, flanger, chorus, and tremolo effects. With the modulator, your accompanists wont need to carry an extra book of transitions to shuffle around between songs. Low driving voltage band llingbased iiivonsilicon electroabsorption modulator qiangsheng huang,1,2 yingchen wu,2,3 keqi ma,1 jianhao zhang,1 weiqiang xie,2 xin fu,1,2 yaocheng shi,1 kaixuan chen,4 jianjun he,3 dries van thourhout,2 gunther roelkens,2 liu liu,4, a and sailing he1,4, b 1centre for optical and electromagnetic research, zhejiang provincial key. High speed electroabsorption modulator in the generic photonic integration platform m. Electroabsorption modulator frequency downconversion for uplink radiooverfiber abstract. Javier romerovivas, aidan meehan and lukasz krzczanowicz optical communications research group, dept. Electroabsorption modulators based on bulk gan films and.
Chirpcontrolled tandem electroabsorption modulator. Pcw enhances the optical saturation power and reduces the optical insertion loss and the equivalent vsub pi simultaneously. High power handling capability and low insertion loss are desirable for eam to achieve high link gain, low noise figure nf, and high. Electroabsorption modulator frequency downconversion for. We report a novel hybrid integrated optic device consisting of algainasinp electroabsorption modulators and a fourarm silicaonsilicon planar lightwave circuit optical interferometer. Introduction external optical modulators are very important for optical fiber communication with highspeed modulation in digital and analog systems. A low power 2x28 gbs electroabsorption modulator driver.
Oct 04, 20 electroabsorption modulator ii device configuration duration. Modeling of machzehnder and electroabsorption modulator pulse generators and extraction of the chirp factor michael j. Coldren1, fellow, ieee 1university of california santa barbara, ece department, santa barbara, ca 93106 usa. Optically controlled electroabsorption modulators for. Optical signal processing using electroabsorption modulators. Electroabsorptionmodulated dfb laser ready to attack 10gbit. Highspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulators bowers. Abstract the paper presents a new device for analog optical. A tutorial introduction to optical modulation techniques. Ultrahighspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulator design and analysis article pdf available in ieee transactions on microwave theory and techniques 477. Waveguidebased electroabsorption modulator performance rubab amin1, jacob b.
By varying the index of vanadium dioxide, the modulator can route plasmonic waves through the lowloss dielectric insulator layer during the on state and highloss vo 2. In a realistic simulation assuming an absorption linewidth gamma100 mev we obtain an rclimited electrical f 3db 60 ghz at an applied voltage swing v pp 2. Large signal analysis of the electroabsorption modulator driven by a mutisinusoidal rf signal is presented. You can print just what they need and place it in their binder alongside the current music selections, or they can prop up a mobile device and view transitions on a whim. Design of electroabsorption modulator with taperedmode. The special case of a twotone equalamplitude rf signal is considered in detail, and the results are compared with previously published results. A terminating impedance circuit, which is thermally decoupled from a substrate, for an electroabsorption modulator, having a modulator capacitance includes a series resistanceemphasized rf delay line exhibiting an impedance distributed over its length, wherein the spatially distributed impedance has at least a predominant resistance per unit length, an inductance per unit length tuned to the. Electroabsorption modulator performance predicted from band. We consider a plurality of material modulation classes to include twolevel absorbers such as quantum dots, free carrier accumulation or depletion such as ito or. Electronic and computer engineering, university of limerick, limerick, ireland. The external modulator exmod is modeled in terms of a small signal equivalent circuit model, as shown in figure 7. Large signal performance of the electroabsorption modulator. As the channel bit rate distance product increases, external modulation of the laser light. Linb03 modulator to encode a 40ghz optical pulse train, which is passively multiplexed from a 10ghz, 1.
Electroabsorption modulator based on invertedribtype. A tutorial introduction to optical modulation techniques by gary breed editorial director t his article introduces the subject of optical modulation, the process of applying information to a light wave. Electroabsorption modulator ii device configuration duration. The rf photonic link employing the new balanced modulator shows great improvement in the overall link performance. The monolithic integration of eams with widelytunable lasers allows for inventory reduction and. Results of a low power sige modulator driver array for odb transmission with a differential output voltage swing of 6 v pp and a throughput of 2x28 gbs were presented. Application of electroabsorption modulators for highspeed. Pdf this paper reports the performance analysis of multiwavelength converter based on electroabsorption modulator at 10 gbs. For achieving a high extinction ratio, one usually exploits the quantumconfined stark effect in a quantum well structure. One is further multiplexed to 160gbs with singlepolarization and the other used as the added channel. Coldren1 1unversity of california, santa barbara, ece dept.
Electroabsorption modulator performance predicted from. Spectrum analyzer driverinterface circuit is the modulation level at 50% as calculated from the frequency domain display and is. Chirp characteristics of 10gbs electroabsorption modulator integrated dfb lasers. Modeling of machzehnder and electroabsorption modulator. High power handling capability and low insertion loss are desirable for eam to achieve high link gain, low noise. Most electroabsorption modulators are made in the form of a waveguide with electrodes for applying an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the modulated light beam.
Semiconductor electroabsorption modulator eam has found its way in fiberoptic communications thanks to its small size, good modulation efficiency, and promising integration with other semiconductor optoelectronic devices. Pdf electroabsorption dynamics in an ingaaspingaasp. In both types of devices, the absorption edge at room temperature is dominated by excitonic effects and can be strongly modi. Performing organization names and addresses university of california at san diego 9500. Coldren b a apogee photonics, 6580 snow drift road, suit 100, allentown, pa. In this paper, a travelling wave electroabsorption modulators tweams based on asymmetric intrastepbarrier coupled double strained quantum wells aicdsqw active layer is designed and analyzed at 1. Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity, low. Osa high speed gesi electroabsorption modulator at 1550 nm. Electroabsorption modulator ii device configuration youtube. Sorger1, 1department of electrical and computer engineering, george washington university 800 22nd st. The orbitals twelve effect types, nine adjustable parameters, plus internal or external modulation control were designed to send your tone into sonic orbit. An electroabsorption modulator eam is a semiconductor device which can be used for modulating the intensity of a laser beam via an electric voltage.
Pdf electroabsorption modulator with an asymmetric coupled. Electroabsorption modulators based on bulk gan films and gan. The demonstrated device has a compact active region of 1. Electroabsorption modulators used for alloptical signal processing and labelling.
Pdf wideband electroabsorption modulator for analog. An ingaaspingaasp mqw travelingwave electroabsorption modulator tweam with a bandwidth above 20 ghz is fabricated. Chirpcontrolled tandem electroabsorption modulator integrated with an soa and a sampledgrating dbr laser leif a johansson 1, yuliya a akulova2, greg a fish2 and larry a. Ultrahighspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulator. In one embodiment of the invention, the regions are. Electroabsorption modulator using intersubband transitions.
Rp photonics encyclopedia electroabsorption modulators. Ultraviolet electroabsorption modulators based on bulk gan. Figure 4 shows s11 of the modulator at different optical power, taken at maximum slope efficiency. History structure characteristics applications related devices. In the externally modulated links, the optical transmitter is based on a laser power source, typically a solidstate laser, such as ndyag followed by a machzehnder modulator or an electroabsorption modulator. We report waveguide integrated ge electroabsorption modulators operating at 1615nm wavelength with 3db bandwidth beyond 50ghz and a capacitance of 10ff. High speed electroabsorption modulator in the generic. The paper presents a new device for analog optical links, the balanced electroabsorption modulator, to allow the simultaneous cancellation of laser relative intensity noise, all evenorder distortions, and third order intermodulation. Results of single channel and dwdm fiber transmission experiments are presented.
Alloptical wavelength conversion and signal regeneration using an electroabsorption modulator sune hojfeldt, svend bischoff, and jesper mork abstract alloptical wavelength conversion and signal regeneration based on crossabsorption modulation in an ingaasp quantum well electroabsorption modulator eam is studied at different bit rates. Ultracompact vanadium dioxide dualmode plasmonic waveguide. Change optical path length with applied electric field. The electrooptic ef fect is one of several means to impose information on, or modulate a light wave carrier. Its principle of operation is based on the franzkeldysh effect, i. Figure 1a shows a finished device illustrating the proposed integration. Highspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulators. Cancellation of signalsignal beat interference in multiband. The 3 db bandwidths dominated by the rc constant achieve a large value of 100 ghz.
Eams naturally lend themselves to remote assemblies and large array antennae systems due to their size and weight. There is always a tradeoff between obtaining a low insertion loss in the onstate the transmissive state and getting a low modulation amplitude that is, the voltage modulation span. Waveguide based electroabsorption modulator performance. Laser diodes integrated with electroabsorption modulators. Raring2, member, ieee, anna taukepedretti1, student member, ieee, and larry a. Jun 17, 2005 to achieve ultrahigh bit rate signal beyond existing etdm technology optical time division multiplexing otdm is been used. Introduction electroabsorption modulators eams are attractive for applications requiringhigh speed modulation, low drive voltage, high extinction ratio and integratibility with lasers.
Obtain a copy of the frequency domain display for further analysis. Pdf performance analysis of electroabsorption modulatorbased. In this paper, we introduce a novel, waveguide, electroabsorption modulator diode that is monolithically integrated with a surfacenormal illuminated photodetector pd requiring only milliwattlevel optical switching powers. Electroabsorption modulator performance predicted from bandedge absorption spectra of bulk, quantumwell, and quantumwellintermixed ingaasp structures gordon b. Analysis of multiquantum well electroabsorption modulators. We propose a novel and costeffective frequency downconversion technique for millimeterwave mmwaveoverfiber uplinks using an electroabsorption modulator eam at the base station.
The modulator has a broad operating wavelength range of 35 nm and a 3 db bandwidth of 40. Electroabsorption modulated dfblaser ready to attack 10 gbits market introduction electroabsorption modulator integrated with a dfblaser diode eailm is now a wellestablished technology for 2. Dd and an electroabsorption modulator eam has been appointed as the most costeffective solution for metropolitan networks. Dissertation accepted by the faculty of engineering science, university of ulm, germany for the degree of doktoringenieur dr. Leijtens 1 1 cobra research institute, eindhoven university of technology, p. To determine the effective thickness of the waveguide we evaluate the poynting vector, yx x y sx eh eh. Compact 160gbs demultiplexer using a singlestage electrically gated electroabsorption modulator. Electroabsorption modulator ii device configuration. Electroabsorption dynamics in an ingaaspingaasp superlattice modulator. High speed electroabsorption modulators in generic integration. Maldonado department of electrical engineering the uni y ersity of texas at arlington arlington, texas 1 3.
For achieving a high extinction ratio, one usually exploits the quantumconfined stark effect in. Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity, lownoise microwave analog optical link f. Pmgi bridges are formed on both ends of the optical waveguide to connect grounds from di. Cancellation of signalsignal beat interference in multi. Electroabsorption modulator based on invertedribtype silicon waveguide including double graphene layers yonghan kim and minsuk kwon school of electrical and computer engineering, ulsan national institute of science and technology, 50, unistgil, ulsan, republic of korea email. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue. Chirp control to produce low or negative values of chirp at the output of an electroabsorption modulator eam is an important mechanism for reducing the signal degradation due to chromatic dispersion in highspeed transmission over standard singlemode fibre.
We calculate the highspeed modulation properties of an electroabsorption modulator for lambda1. Chirp control of an electroabsorption modulator to be used. Such an architecture is amenable to scalability to two dimensions, allowing the possibility of creating a multichannel wavelengthconverting crossbar switch. The device is designed for generation of high spectral efficiency optical modulation formats. Electroabsorption modulator nmechanisms franzkeldysh effect nobserved in conventional bulk semiconductors quantumconfined stark effect qcse nquantum well structures nboth of these electroabsorption effects are prominent near the bandgap of semiconductors. Electrooptic devices have been developed for application in communications,1 4 analog and digital signal processing, 5 information processing6 optical computing, 6, 7 and sensing. Osa a hybrid electroabsorption modulator device for. High power peripheral coupled waveguide electroabsorption. Peripheral coupled waveguide pcw design has been deployed in ingaasp multiple quantumwell mqw electroabsorption modulator eam at 1. The precoding and encoding of the nrz input signal into duobinary is performed onchip, while the duobinary coding consumes 127 mwch and the driver needs only 525 mwch, which. Electroabsorption modulator laser for costeffective 40. Electroabsorption optical modulator patent doe patents. Opticallyswitched dualdiode electroabsorption modulator.
Low drive voltage, negative chirp 40 gbs ea modulator. We demonstrate a high speed gesi electroabsorption ea modulator monolithically integrated on 3 m silicononinsulator soi waveguide. The output 40gbs rz signal is split into two parts. Those light waves may be sent through a transparent medium as a laser beam, or contained within a fiber optic cable. Electroabsorptionmodulated lasers are candidate sources for 40 gbs veryshortreach vsr router to router interconnect applications, as they are compact, potentially lowcost, and can facilitate low drive voltages with high bandwidth 1. The feed line is 500 m long on each side of the optical waveguide. The gain limit results in a minimum link noise figure as well. The maximum slope of the photocurrent corresponds to an equivalent device impedance of 50 the effect of the reduced impedance at higher optical power also affects the behavior of the modulator under modulation. Dipartimento di elettronica, politecnico di torino, corso duca degli abruzzi 24, i10129 torino, italy. Pdf we present an electroabsorption modulator based on the enhanced electrooptic effect of an asymmetric coupled triple quantum well actqw to.
Alloptical wavelength conversion and signal regeneration. Waveguidebased electroabsorption modulator performance. Travelingwave electroabsorption modulators by shengzhong zhang the transmission bit rates in backbone telecommunication optical fibers are increasing rapidly, motivated by the explosive growth of internet traffic. Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity. Oktyabrsky1 1co lleg eof nanos c asi nand e ngeer,u ny ab yba y tel5184378609, email. Pdf chirp characteristics of 10gbs electroabsorption. However, when dd is employed, there is the necessity of implementing a technique to mitigate the signalsignal beat interference ssbi caused by the photodetection process. The modulator parameter extractor is a software tool that enables parameter fitting of measurements from mqw electroabsorption modulators 1 with one or two dimensional functions, using a polynomial form. Chirp compensation is demonstrated using voltage division to a longsection electroabsorption phase.